Getting out of the U.S.

I know this is a fairly general topic, but it's also one that will likely receive more attention as current events progress.

I know someone who is getting out of the U.S. Army, has served in Iraq, and has no intention of going back, though it's likely that he'll be reactivated over the next four years, as he'll still be "inactive" according to Selective Service, and thus eligible for re-activation. Given the dearth of volunteers for the "all-volunteer" Army, in all likelihood he will wind up back in uniform in the near future if he stays. This is a certainty is the draft is reinstated.

He intends to leave the country, but we're having a difficult time digging up information relevant to his plight. If he is activated and fails to report, he will be designated Absent Without Leave (AWOL) and an arrest warrant will be issued. He will be a fugitive in the U.S. How will this affect his status when he is abroad? Will his status as a visitor in an EU country be jeopardized? Will he be able to obtain a work permit anywhere, or eventually obtain citizenship? What and where are his options?

On a related note, some may find this worth a chuckle, but there are some of us within the U.S. who do not: is there any Western country granting political asylum/refugee status to people leaving the U.S.?

This all may seem amusing to some people, but soon enough these questions will be asked much more frequently.