The DVLA rules require you to be a resident in the UK for 180 days before applying for a licence (including provisional). I am not sure. See for example on: http://www.direct.gov.uk/en/Motoring/DriverLicensing/DrivingInGbOnAForeignLicence/DG_4022556 : If you want to take a British driving test you ...

The DVLA website states: Applicants who are not UK citizens or nationals of another EU or EEA country will not be considered normally resident if they do not have leave to remain in the UK, or are in the country on a temporary basis without leave to remain either while awaiting a decision to stay in ...