Is this an ILR visa?

Hi, I am trying to figure out what kind of visa this is.

Is it a regular ILR (a.k.a ILE) visa that gives its holder a regular "settled" status in the UK?

Does "outside the rules" part influence anything like what the holder can do in the UK or implies any other restrictions?

The expiration date is the same as the passport expiration date - after that you can just restamp the new passport or you need to reapply?

Thank you!

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Yes, ILE is the same as ILR, just given before entry it is settled status. For renewal you'll have to apply for a Biometric Residence Permit. Unless you apply to naturalise if eligible.

Err... If the status is already "settled", why does it need to be renewed? Or it is some sort of automatic thing?

How to find out if eligible for naturalization or not?

If a holder of such visa wants to marry another U.S. citizen, how hard would it be to bring the spouse into the UK?

It's more that the photo needs updating rather than the status expires. See the standard requirements for naturalisation (click).. The spouse of a settled person would be subject to requirements, including the Financial requirement (click).

Why was the person granted LOTR?

Hi, thanks for your answers. The person in question is retired and moved to the UK about 2 years ago together with his wife (whom he lost soon afterwards). They moved as "older relatives who needed care" or something like that. Their daughter is married to a UK national, I'm not sure if she has the UK citizenship or just the residency. He mentioned that the original petition was rejected (I'm not sure why), then with the help of a lawyer the situation was sorted out.
Since his wife's death he feels kinda lonely and trapped and was thinking maybe he could remarry. Financial requirements shouldn't be a problem, he's got funds & a decent pension.
His daughter thinks he's nuts and is unwilling to help, so I told him I'd ask around, asking is free of charge.
Now I'm curious myself how all this stuff works, I've always been very good with paperwork.
Yes, he probably could get in touch with a lawyer, but he says he's not ready for drastic steps yet.

I see, well all the information is in the links above.