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The UK created a statutory instrument called the Citizens’ Rights (Restrictions of Rights of Entry and Residence) (EU Exit) Regulations 2020.1. The provisions of this Agreement and the provisions of Union law made applicable by this Agreement shall produce in respect of and in the United Kingdom the same legal effects as those which they produce within the Union and its Member States.
So, although Zambrano carers are NOT directly protected under Part 2 of the Withdrawal Agreement called 'Citizens' Rights'.Simply stated, the effect of the savings is to allow people in the position of the claimant whose rights had vested prior to implementation day on 31 December 2020 to make their claim.
Part 2 calls for non-discrimination. It says people who have lived in the UK under Union law acquire permanent residence after five years. Part 2 also says refusals should not be disproportionate. A 90% refusal rate is disproportionate.4. There shall be no discretion in applying the limitations and conditions provided for in this Title, other than in favour of the person concerned.
2. For the purposes of the provisions specified in paragraph 3, the provisions of the EEA Regulations 2016 specified in paragraph 4, continue to have effect in relation to a person who is a member of the post-transition period group, with the specified modifications, despite the revocation of those Regulations by the 2020 Act.
Hi all,marcidevpal wrote: ↑Tue Apr 18, 2023 4:55 pmAkinsaya & You
Hi again A,
So, you appear to NOT be like Akinsaya in this way:
Akinsaya was a Zambrano carer and then applied for leave to remain under Appendix FM. You had leave to remain under Appendix FM and then applied for settlement as a Zambrano carer.
This difference between you and Akinsaya may not matter at the end of the day. UTIAC judges do not appear to always care whether you had LTR under Appendix FM before you applied for a derivative residence card - or not. Underhill LJ cares, but your case may never get to the Court of Appeal.
You seem to be like Akinsaya in this way:
You both had leave to remain under Appendix FM on 31 December 2020. The Home Office says anyone with leave to remain under Appendix FM on this day should be refused settlement under Appendix EU. If Akinsaya wins at here next appeal, then you can benefit from her win.
Congratulations, A! Well done. Getting derivative residence in 2023 is an amazing accomplishment!
The court summarised each provision. You can see the summaries here -Treaty on European Union (TEU)
- Article 6 TEU (former Article 6 EU)
Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union(TFEU)
- Article 18 TFEU (former Article 12 EC)
- Article 20 TFEU (former Article 17 EC)
- Article 21 TFEU (former Article 18 EC)
The Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union
- Article 7 Respect for private and family life
- Article 21 Non-discrimination
- Article 24 The rights of the child
Other relevant international provisions
- Article 17 of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (4) provides:
- Article 9.1 of the Convention on the Rights of the Child (5)
- Article 8 of, and Article 3 of Protocol 4 to, the European Convention of Human Rights (‘the ECHR’)
Regulation 16 paragraph 5 directly applies to Zambrano carers.regulation 16 is not preserved by the transitional arrangements which now apply
Derivative right to reside
16.—(1) A person has a derivative right to reside during any period in which the person—
(a)is not an exempt person; and
(b)satisfies each of the criteria in one or more of paragraphs (2) to (6).
.....
(5) The criteria in this paragraph are that—
(a)the person is the primary carer of a British citizen (“BC”);
(b)BC is residing in the United Kingdom; and
(c)BC would be unable to reside in the United Kingdom or in another EEA State if the person left the United Kingdom for an indefinite period.
There is no modification to the definition of a "derivative right to reside".Introductory
1. Unless otherwise specified, references within this Schedule to regulations or to Schedules are references to regulations within, or Schedules to, the EEA Regulations 2016.
Savings and modifications to definitions
2. Regulation 2 (general interpretation) continues to have effect with the following modifications to paragraph (1)—
General interpretation
2.—(1) In these Regulations—
“derivative right to reside” means a right to reside under regulation 16;
DISCUSSIONThe respondent, whom we shall call “the claimant”, is a national of Nigeria and is married to a national of Nigeria. They have three children, all British citizens.
The claimant has made three applications asserting a right to be in the United Kingdom under the Immigration (European Economic Area) Regulations 2006 and 2016. Her first application was in May 2008; it was refused. Her second application was under the EU Settlement Scheme, made on 13 June 2019 and refused on 3 July 2020. She then applied again, for a residence card on the basis of her parental responsibility for her children. That application was made on 4 August 2020 and refused on 13 October 2020. She appealed against that decision. The appeal was heard on 21 June 2021 at Glasgow. On 29 June 2021 Judge Prudham issued the Tribunal’s decision allowing her appeal.
She was not entitled to the Zambrano right at the date of her application (because she had leave) and she has at no stage demonstrated her entitlement to it as a “last resort”.
For the reasons we have given we allow the Secretary of State’s appeal. The First-tier Tribunal’s decision erred in law. We set it aside. We substitute a decision dismissing the claimant’s appeal.
Hi @Askme,
ARTICLE 4 Methods and principles relating to the effect, the implementation and the application of this AgreementFor the purposes of this Agreement, the following definitions shall apply:
(a) "Union law" means:
(i) the Treaty on European Union ("TEU"), the Treaty on the Functioning of the European
Union ("TFEU") and the Treaty establishing the European Atomic Energy Community
("Euratom Treaty"), as amended or supplemented, as well as the Treaties of Accession
and the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union, together referred to as
"the Treaties";
(ii) the general principles of the Union's law;
(iii) the acts adopted by the institutions, bodies, offices or agencies of the Union;
(iv) the international agreements to which the Union is party and the international
agreements concluded by the Member States acting on behalf of the Union
https://assets.publishing.service.gov.u ... munity.pdf1. The provisions of this Agreement and the provisions of Union law made applicable by this
Agreement shall produce in respect of and in the United Kingdom the same legal effects as those
which they produce within the Union and its Member States. Accordingly, legal or natural persons shall in particular be able to rely directly on the provisions contained or referred to in this Agreement which meet the conditions for direct effect under Union law.
2. The United Kingdom shall ensure compliance with paragraph 1, including as regards the
required powers of its judicial and administrative authorities to disapply inconsistent or
incompatible domestic provisions, through domestic primary legislation.
Did you notice no explanation was given of what 'appropriate' means? Why should some Zambrano carers obtain leave while others not? Surely no Zambrano carers should get settlement if they the 'effect' came to an end in 2020. How is that position not discriminatory?11.... Broadly speaking, the effect of the Zambrano line of cases came to a halt on 31 December 2020.
12. Those affected might, if appropriate, be able to obtain leave under the European Settlement Scheme; or might be able to obtain leave in some other capacity.
Paragraph 6 = Specified provisions of the EEA Regulations 2016. People with a derivative right to reside are not listed in this paragraph. See https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/202 ... ule/3/made12. ...There are no provisions continuing, even for the purposes of a pending appeal, regulations in the 2016 Regulations that are not listed in paragraph 6.
She(James) then applied again, for a residence card on the basis of her parental responsibility for her children. That application was made on 4 August 2020 and refused on 13 October 2020. She appealed against that decision.
(6) Regulation 20 of the EEA Regulations 2016 (issue of a derivative residence card), continues to apply for the purposes of considering and, where appropriate, granting an application for a derivative residence card which was validly made in accordance with the EEA Regulations 2016 before commencement day.
DISCUSSION20.—(1) The Secretary of State must issue a person with a derivative residence card on application and on production of—
(a)a valid national identity card issued by an EEA State or a valid passport; and
(b)proof that the applicant has a derivative right to reside under regulation 16.