The topic was covered on the
World at One today (at approximately 29:20 minutes into the programme).
Firstly, the Human Rights Act incorporates the 1953
European Convention of Human Rights into UK Law. Although it has the word "European" in it, it has nothing to do with the EU. The UK was one of the founding members of the Council of Europe (which monitors the ECHR), which now has 47 countries, including such exemplars of human rights as Russia and Turkey. To the best of my knowledge, Belarus is the only European country not in the ECHR.
Indeed, ironically, Sir David Maxwell Fyfe (later Lord Kilmuir), the British prosecutor at the Nuremberg trials and later a Home Secretary and Lord Chancellor, was chairperson of the Committee that drafted the document.
Unlike EU law, the ECHR could not be directly invoked in British law till the Human Rights Act in 1998. So earlier (between 1949 and 1998), the British government would have to enact each judgment of the ECHR (the European
Court of Human Rights, confusingly enough) into British law by getting Parliament to pass the law individually. There was no automatic mechanism.
What the Human Rights Act did was that it incorporated an automatic mechanism for incorporating the ECHR's interpretation of human rights into UK law. Crucially, unlike EU law, it does not override UK law. If incompatible, all the courts can do is to declare it incompatible but still implement the incompatible UK law.
What the government has proposed is to replace the HRA with a British Bill of Rights (I really hope that they choose another name as we already have
a Bill of Rights dated 1688, which is still current law!!! The politicians need to study their own history first). The idea (as I understand it) is that the British Bill of Rights would decouple the automatic mechanism importing ECHR interpretations into UK law and in a sense, revert to the
status quo ante of before 1998.
Theresa May is on record as saying that she would like to withdraw from the ECHR (the convention) altogether, but that there is no parliamentary majority for it. I doubt the British political class is in a hurry to join Belarus in being the only European country outside the ECHR.
So, even if the Human Rights Act is scrapped, the UK will still remain a party to the ECHR, just that its judgments will not be automatically incorporated into UK law.
To the mods: Is the ILR forum the best place for this discussion? Would it make more sense in the EU Referendum forum, as it is "European" in nature, even though not related directly to the EU?
I am not a lawyer or immigration advisor. My statements/comments do not constitute legal advice. E&OE. Please do not PM me for advice.